Are Universal Markedness Hierarchies Learnable from the Lexicon? The Case of Gemination in Hungarian
نویسنده
چکیده
Gemination in loanwords is a cross-linguistically widespread phenomenon: a singleton consonant in the source word is geminated in the loanword, even if the doubling does not have an orthographic reflex (that is, the geminated consonant is spelt with a single consonant letter in the source word). Source languages which these words are borrowed from do not allow phonetic geminates. Some examples of gemination in loanwords are listed below:
منابع مشابه
Gemination in Hungarian loanword adaptation
An interesting puzzle of Hungarian phonology is gemination in recent loanwords borrowed from English, German (and occasionally, from French). A consonant following a short stressed vowel is often geminated in the loanword, even if the consonant doubling does not have an orthographic reflex in the source word, i.e. the consonant in question is not spelt as a double letter in the source word. Unl...
متن کاملA test case for the phonetics–phonology interface: gemination restrictions in Hungarian
theories of phonology often make similar empirical predictions. This study examines a case where they do not: gemination restrictions in Hungarian. While both types of theory correctly prohibit the lengthening of a consonant when flanked by another consonant, they make different predictions regarding both the relative duration changes within a target consonant and the applicability of restricti...
متن کاملSonority variation in Stochastic Optimality Theory: Implications for markedness hierarchies
Constraints based on the sonority scale and other markedness hierarchies have been formalized in two different ways: as scale-partition constraint families, with a universally fixed ranking, and as stringency constraint families, where the constraints stand in subset relations and their ranking is not universal. We identify a new empirical domain where these two approaches make different predic...
متن کاملMental salience and grammatical form: toward a framework for salience metrics in natural language generation
ing from these minor conceptual difficulties, however, the markedness hierarchy established so far corresponds to the ‘consensus hierarchy’ that was proposed in Sect. 2.1.4.1 as a generalization over different hierarchies of referring expressions found in linguistic literature. Correspondingly, hierarchies of referring expressions as discussed in Sect. 2.1.2 can be interpreted as markedness hie...
متن کاملThe Emergence of the Unmarked Pronoun :
In Optimality Theory a grammar consists of a ranking of constraints which are (i) universal and (ii) violable. Languages diier systematically only in their rankings of these constraints (Prince and Smolensky 1993). The latter is a powerful theoretical principle which plays a central role in the explanatory scope of OT (Smolensky 1996a,b), its learnability (Tesar and Smolensky 1996) and its cons...
متن کامل